Basic principles of industrial robots is simple, and the classification can be multiple classifications according to different division methods. With its high efficiency, high precision and flexibility, it is widely used in automobile, electronics, food, medicine and other industries. With the continuous updating and iteration of technology, the composition and classification of industrial robots are becoming increasingly rich.

As an important part of modern manufacturing industry, industrial robot is a multi-joint manipulator or multi-degree of freedom mechanical equipment oriented to the industrial field. It can automatically perform work and realize various functions by relying on its own power and control capabilities. machine.

Basic principles of industrial robots

• • Robotic arm

As an important part of industrial robots, robotic arms usually consist of multiple joints and links. According to different structures, robotic arms can be divided into: articulated robotic arms, rectangular coordinate robotic arms, cylindrical robotic arms and parallel robotic arms.

• • Drive system

The drive system is the core power source for robot movement. The basic principles of industrial robots are simple.It is generally composed of a driver and a transmission structure. The drive system will greatly affect the robot’s ability and efficiency to perform tasks. The driving methods that can be classified according to different application scenarios are: electric drive, pneumatic drive and hydraulic drive.

• • Control system

The control system is an important part of industrial robots used to issue and execute instructions. It is equivalent to the human brain and is responsible for coordinating the movement of the robotic arm, processing sensor information, and executing preset programs. It can also be used for data exchange and remote control. An integral part of the entire basic composition. Modern industrial robots are usually equipped with: programmable logic controller (PLC), motion controller and host computer.

• • Sensor

Sensors can sense the surrounding environment and receive feedback needed to perform tasks. Sensors are also the key to determining performance indicators such as sensitivity, linearity, and accuracy of industrial robots. Common sensor types include: position sensors, force/torque sensors, and vision sensors.

• • End effector

The end effector is the part of the industrial robot that is in direct contact with the work object and is responsible for completing the specific operating actions of the work task. There are various types of end effectors, which can be deployed and replaced according to different work needs to adapt to different work needs. Common types include: grippers, welding guns and spray equipment.

Classification of Industrial Robots

There is no fixed classification standard for industrial robots,the basic principles of industrial robots are simple ,and the basic principles of industrial robots are simple. It can be divided into many categories according to structural form, driving method, application field and control method:

According to the structural form, it can be divided into:

1. Articulated robot

Articulated robots usually consist of multiple joints and links, usually with four, six or more degrees of freedom. Due to their excellent flexibility, articulated robots can perform complex movements. This type of robot is also a common type of industrial robot and is suitable for tasks such as welding, assembly and spraying.

2. Cartesian coordinate robot

Cartesian coordinate robots (also called three-axis robots) use linear motion, usually moving along the X, Y, and Z axes. Their simple structure makes them suitable for simple tasks such as handling and packaging, and they are especially suitable for applications requiring high precision.

3. Cylindrical robot

Cylindrical robots combine rotation and linear motion. They are suitable for specific assembly and material handling tasks and can be widely used in assembly lines and material handling. However, their degree of freedom is low and their scope of application is easily limited in certain scenarios.

4. Polar coordinate robot

As the name suggests, polar coordinate robots move according to the polar coordinate system. Their structure is similar to that of cylindrical robots. They are composed of a rotating base and a mechanical arm that can move up and down. Different from cylindrical robots, polar coordinate robots can cover larger areas. Large scope of work.

5. Parallel robot

Parallel robots have complex structures and high manufacturing costs, but they are excellent in accuracy and speed and are particularly suitable for high-precision industries such as electronics.

Classification according to driving method

1. Electric robot

Electric energy drive has a wide range of applications and relatively low energy consumption, but the output state may be limited under high load conditions.

2. Pneumatic robot

Compressed air is used as a driver and is suitable for application scenarios with high speed requirements such as food packaging and pharmaceutical industries. However, due to its relatively low power output, the scope of application is limited.

3. Hydraulic robot

It is driven by a hydraulic system and is suitable for heavy-load industries such as construction and mining. However, due to the complexity of the system, the corresponding maintenance costs are high.

Classified by application areas

The application of industrial robots has spread to many industries. Common industrial robots can be divided into automotive industrial robots, electronic industrial robots, food and medical industry robots, and metal processing industry robots according to their application fields.

Classification according to control method

1. Pre-programmed robots

Perform tasks according to fixed programming procedures, suitable for simple and highly repetitive work.

2. Vision-guided robot

Equipped with a vision system, it can identify and locate objects in real time. Because of its flexibility and high adaptability, it is suitable for more complex assembly, handling and complex and changeable production environments.

3. Human-machine collaborative robot

It is suitable for workers and robots to work together, has high production flexibility, and is suitable for complex environments and small batch and multi-variety production methods.

In Conclusion

The basic principles of industrial robots are relatively simple, and the classifications are diverse but easy to understand. By understanding these contents, we can grasp the functions and applications of  industrial robots, and lay a good knowledge foundation for choosing the industrial robot that suits us. With the advancement of science and technology and the changes of the times, there will be more diversified production needs in the future, and higher-end industrial robots will be derived. Behind all of this is to serve human society and contribute to the progress and development of human society. strength.